What Doctors Need To Know About IRR (Internal Rate Of Return)

As a new passive investor or someone interested in becoming one, you’re likely hitting a steep learning curve. There are many terms, deal structures, and markets to learn about along your journey toward investing in your first real estate syndication deal. Among other terms, there is cap rate, capital stack, NOI, ROI, and now IRR that you want to understand before diving in.

You aren’t alone if you prefer to feel fully informed and confident in your education about a specific topic before investing a ton of money into it. In this article, you’re going to learn what IRR is, how it’s different from ROI, how to calculate the IRR when looking at a deal, and why you should even care about the IRR.

Passive Real Estate Investing Myths

First, let’s debunk a couple of myths about real estate syndications. Most would-be-successful syndication investors get stuck on the sidelines simply because they believe these myths:

Myth #1: Less Control

Some people think when you invest in a real estate syndication, you have less control over the investment asset, thus you will get lower returns. However, as with any passive investment, you exercise your control while you’re reviewing the executive summary and selecting an opportunity that supports your investment goals. Then, you get to sit back and enjoy the passive income.

Myth #2: Lower Return

In continuation of the myth about having lower control with passive investing, people often believe that you’ll have lower returns. Active investors are generally the primary owner, property manager, fully responsible for all gains, and liable for losses too. Meanwhile, with passive investing, you’re able to enjoy all the upside of being invested in real estate like tax benefits, distributions, community improvement, and appreciation while also limiting your liability and maintaining your time freedom. So you are not trading your time for money; like the way you do at work.

Don’t worry, though; you don’t have to calculate it yourself unless you want to. I like simplicity. So, we provide IRR along with a chart of other variables so you can see clearly how the IRR may be affected in the financial section of each deal’s investment summary.

Here are some fun facts: The IRR is negative until your returns equal the amount of capital you’ve invested, and then it’s 0%. After that, when your returns surpass the amount of your initial investment, then the percentage starts to grow positively.

The more monthly distributions paid to investors in a shorter time frame, the faster IRR turns positive. This is why in the past; monthly distributions and early sales were so popular because they made the IRR skyrocket.

What Variables Impact The IRR?

You may notice an easy-to-find IRR printed in executive summaries, but keep in mind that it’s likely based on the entrance cap rate. The IRR moves as the cap rate moves. This is why we suggest you find the financial section of the investment summary. In the sensitivity analysis, you should be able to see a chart similar to that below, where a varying cap rate, among other factors, reflects an adjusting IRR.

The asset class and strategy also intensely affect the expected IRR on any syndication investment.

A stabilized A-class apartment syndication may have a 7-year term with no refinance opportunity and an IRR between 13%-15%. In contrast, a B-class value-add multifamily syndication may reflect a 5-year business plan, refi opportunity, and forced appreciation from the renovations that push IRR up into the 14%-17% range. Although these are both apartment complexes, possibly even in the same metropolitan area, you’re comparing two different appreciation strategies and two different classes.

Adding streams of income to the property, increasing operational efficiencies, and getting units to market rents are all ways underwriting can affect IRR. Things like laundry services, mail delivery lockboxes, new property management, and payment software for tenants could drastically improve the experience for tenants and support higher rent rates. If per unit and overall property upgrades with generally low cost will increase demand and raise the rental rates, the NOI (net operating income) will get a bump and positively impact the IRR.

What Else To Look For When Comparing Syndication Opportunities

Beyond fancy metrics with three letter acronyms, you should examine each prospective deal for its alignment with your strategy. Consider the types of syndications you’re interested in - multifamily, mobile home parks, development, self-storage, etc.

Each varying asset type, class, and market boasts different metrics. Weigh whether the market exhibits growth trends in favor of increased occupancy and rent rates and decide if you’re comfortable having your investment capital locked in for three, five, or seven years.

Another significant factor is, of course, the operator. Do you agree with their philosophy and the way they run their business? Do you know, love, and trust them? Here at Nima Equity, our philosophy includes capital preservation first, followed by distributions, and then appreciation. Therefore, we specifically seek out investment opportunities with these goals in mind.

Other deal metrics to investigate and compare include the breakeven occupancy rate, expense ratio, the deal structure, and loan or debt details. In general, if the breakeven occupancy rate and expense ratio is low, the projections are more likely to be achieved. Deal structures can vary between a wide array of preferred return percentages and splits for distributions, and loans on the property can reflect a wide range of rates, terms, and other options.

As always, your selection should be in line with your values and investment goals, plus within your risk tolerance.