358 Different Causes that Justify Combining the Prayers
(A) + (+M, +S): Fear is also a reason for combining the prayers, so there are four causes: 1) Traveling (A) + (+M, +S). 2) Sickness (A) + (+M, +s). 3) Fear for life, honor, or property. (A) + (+M, +S). 4) Rain (A) + (+M, +S) and according to (A), severe wind and cold. Muddy streets take the same ruling, even without rain, according to (A) + (+M). Does it apply to people praying at the mosque only? (a) + (-M, -S): Yes (A): No According to (A/SM), combining the prayers may also be permissible in the following cases: - Women with prolonged bleeding, people with urinary incontinence, and the like. - Those unable to make ritual purification with water or tayammum for every prayer. - Those unable to identify the direction of qibla for every prayer, such as a blind person or a prisoner. - Those who fear harm to their livelihood if they leave for prayer, such as bakers fearing that their dough may be spoiled or their bread may be burnt. According to (Ibn Seereen, Rabee‘ah, Ashhab, Ibn al-Mundhir, al-Qaffâl, Z, and t), it is permissible to combine the prayers if praying on time will cause hardship, given that it does not become a habit. Their proof is a report that the Messenger of Allah (SA) combined prayers in Madinah without fear or rain. “He did not want to place his Ummah in hardship,” Ibn ‘Abbâs (rahuma) explained. (Ag – from Ibn ‘Abbâs) The majority argued that this combining was not a true one, and that the Messenger of Allah (SA) only deferred the dhuhr until right before ‘aṣr, for Allah (ST) says: